| Abstract: |
| This study based on global Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index introduces an improved green productivity (IGP) index to measure the green productivity change of 16 developing countries from 1991 to 2014. And examine the impact of innovation activities and foreign direct investment (FDI) on IGP. The results indicate that IGP in developing countries have declined but total factor productivity (TFP) has increased. Innovation activities have a positive impact on IGP, but have a negative impact on TFP. FDI has a significant negative impact on IGP, but has a positive impact on TFP. Further study find that there are threshold effects between FDI and IGP based on innovation activities, when the developing countries with a low-level of innovation, FDI has a positive impact on TFP, but has a negative impact on IGP; when the developing countries innovation activities above the threshold, innovation activities and FDI both can promote IGP. |
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