Special Session 34: Variational methods for discrete and continuous boundary value problems (with applications)
Contents
Existence and regularity of minimizers in elliptic free boundary problems have been extensively studied in the literature. We initiate the corresponding study of higher critical points by considering a superlinear free boundary problem related to plasma confinement. The associated energy functional is nondifferentiable and therefore standard variational methods cannot be used directly to prove the existence of critical points. First we obtain a nontrivial generalized solution $u$ of mountain pass type as the limit of mountain pass points of a suitable sequence of $C^1$-functionals approximating the energy. Next we show that $u$ minimizes the energy on the associated Nehari manifold and use this fact to prove that it is nondegenerate. Finally we use the nondegeneracy of $u$ to show that it satisfies the free boundary condition in the viscosity sense and that near regular points the free boundary is a smooth surface and hence this condition holds in the classical sense.