| Abstract: |
| Migrasomes are membrane-bound organelles whose mechanics remain poorly understood. Here, we develop a phase-field model to reveal how Tspan4 regulates migrasome behavior via membrane tension redistribution. We show that growth-induced membrane stretching generates tension gradients and stiffness heterogeneity, driving vertical elongation and a strong correlation between geometry and stiffness. By varying Tspan4 expression, we demonstrate that increased Tspan4 enhances bending rigidity and accelerates tension redistribution, stabilizing migrasomes, whereas Tspan4 depletion leads to central tension accumulation and higher rupture susceptibility. These findings identify membrane tension redistribution as a key mechanism linking Tspan4 expression to migrasome mechanics and stability |
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