Special Session 32: Inverse Problems and Image Processing

Segmenting Objects with Imbalanced Sizes via Smooth and Sparse Dual Optimal Transport
LI CUI
School of Mathematical Science, Beijing Normal University
Peoples Rep of China
Co-Author(s):    Mengqi Ding, Gangxuan Zhou, Xue-Cheng Tai, Li Cui, Jun Liu
Abstract:
To address imbalanced object sizes in image segmentation, this work formulates the problem via optimal transport theory and a Laguerre cell decomposition. The dual variable of the volume constraint is interpreted as a learnable bias, and an iterative network-embedding laye (VP-Sparsemax) is proposed to solve the smooth semi-dual formulation while incorporating spatial information. Compared to softmax, VP-Sparsemax improves volume preservation after argmax due to its sparsity. Experiments on four dataset across three segmentation baselines demonstrate superior performance, especially for small targets that are easily overlooked.